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These occur, for instance, when consumption shifts as a result of a significant policy change, and as the cause of the shift is known it is less likely that an observed impact on a harm indicator would be due to some third factor.
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Self- harm: An indicator of self-harm in the last year was derived from the following two questions: "Have you ever hurt yourself on purpose in any way (e.g., by taking an overdose of pills, or by cutting yourself)?" If yes, "How many times have you harmed yourself in the last year?" (not in the past year/once/2 5 times/more thans/more than 10 times).
Using the information about estimated probabilities and weights of harm some indicators were constructed according to methods used by Moreira et al. [ 10].
Psychiatric and personality disorders are common in individuals who self-harm and as a result self-harm may be an indicator of depression and/or other psychological problems.
The seven-year report, called the "Restudy", cited indicators of harm to the ecosystem: a 50 percent reduction in the original Everglades, diminished water storage, harmful timing of water releases from canals and pumping stations, an 85 to 90 percent decrease in wading bird populations over the past 50 years, and the decline of output from commercial fisheries.
It cited indicators of harm to the system: a 50% reduction in the original Everglades, diminished water storage, harmful timing of water release, an 85 to 90% decrease in wading bird populations over the past 50 years, and the decline of output from commercial fisheries.
Our water tests are more refined, but they still seek indicators of harm.
Poison center calls are a leading edge indicator of harms associated with new drugs (American Association of Poison Control Centers, 2014).
Elevated morbidity due to intentional self-harm is also an indicator of psychological distress.
Indicators of harm were defined as patient or carer death, number of patients with admission to hospital and number of nights in hospital.
The data gap limits investigators' ability to establish these links, and TSCA has all but prevented the U.S. EPA from instituting more than voluntary measures to act on these early indicators of harm.
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