There was a time when we began to wonder whether Palm, the once-highflying maker of handheld computers, should dispense with making hardware, concentrate on software and let others make handheld devices that use the platform.
Microsoft's traditional approach is to stay out of hardware and concentrate on making software, such as Windows, which it licenses to as many hardware companies as possible.
The figures are astonishing 6,000 tanks, 4,000 aircraft and even now it's hard to imagine that much hardware...all concentrated in a small stretch of land" which was filled with "exploding shells, the thunder of artillery, the clash of steel".
In other words, men who once would have applied themselves to devising the hardware now concentrate on the software, as it were, of the process itself.
The studies close to hardware development typically concentrate on more abstract issues such as communication or requirement management.
Rumors surfaced this week that Kno is looking to sell off its hardware business and concentrate on software instead.
Given that it may be some time before we are all using self-driving cars that let us completely stop paying attention to the road, I'd wager that those software and hardware makers who concentrate on making the connected experience as undistracting as possible are some of the players to watch here.
This chapter concentrates on hardware and software co-design.
There have been suggestions that Nintendo may be about to abandon hardware production entirely and concentrate on developing its world-respected IP, such as Super Mario Bros, Mario Kart and Zelda on other devices.
On the one hand, most of the 5G approaches concentrate on hardware factors rather than on those that are software-based, such as mobile femtocells [6], massive-user MIMO [7, 8], and millimeter-wave beamforming [9, 10].
Apple's revenue is concentrated in hardware sales, not advertising.
