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The most well-developed component technologies are, however, broadly available only in hard, planar formats.
Cellular responses to the CLP-Cys sequence were analyzed by conjugating the peptide to two different substrates – a hard, planar glass surface and a soft hyaluronic acid (HA) particle-based hydrogel.
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Spatial contact analysis is far harder than planar analysis because there are 72 types of contact versus 8.
Akutsu and Fukagawa [22] formulated the graph preimage problem as the problem of inferring graphs from the frequency of paths of labeled vertices and proved that the problem is computationally intractable (NP-hard) even for planar graphs with bounded degrees [22].
It is known to be NP-hard even on cubic planar graphs and MAX SNP-hard.
Despite the fact that the co-crystallized pyrrolidine conformation of enalaprilat is almost planar and hard to be predicted, the pyrrolidine conformation produced by Maestro preparation was – to a certain extent – comparable to it and conserved the key polar contacts of enalaprilat's carboxylate group with the surrounding polar residues after docking.
This paper presents a cell-level hard-IP reuse algorithm, converting planar transistors to multi-gate ones.
According to the complex structure of MCP, controlling the thickness and composition of ZnO Al2O3 films on MCP is harder than controlling those on planar substrate [21,22].
We prove that this problem is NP-hard in arbitrary graphs (even in planar graphs), solving an open problem stated in [J.
Indeed, if deleting a set of edges from a cubic graph G results in an Eulerian graph G′, then each vertex in G′ must have degree 2, so G′ must be a Hamiltonian cycle of G. Since the Hamiltonian Cycle problem restricted to cubic planar graphs is NP-hard [ 16] the result follows.
The planar multiway cut problem is a NP-hard generalization of the min-cut problem.
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