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While the actual cost for females of multiple matings is unknown, observations on Acilius from the field reveal a very high male harassment rate [35].
Here, we investigated female mating frequency and male harassment rate in arrhenotokous Thrips tabaci.
In this study, we investigated female mating frequencies and male harassment rate in arrhenotokous T. tabaci.
In our study, mated females were subjected to a high harassment rate by males during all the ages we tested.
The average harassment rate was over 20 times per hour, much higher than that of the observed rates (below 10 times per hour) in a similar study for Echinothrips americanus (Li et al. 2014b).
Our conclusion was influenced by our observation of a significant inverse relationship between all four of our fecundity measures and relative male density (OSR) as an index of male harassment rate.
Similar(52)
Not surprisingly, the industries that had the highest sexual harassment rates were typically male-dominated (mining, agriculture and construction were among the top on the list).
Male harassment rates (male harassment incidences per hour) in the two treatments at different female ages were also determined.
If male harassment rates are high, resistance may be even more costly than mating itself (Rowe et al. 1994).
Mean harassment rates in every female age tested were calculated, and the treatments (virgin or mated male) were compared by using a t test.
However, contrary to E. americanus, there was no drop in male harassment rates when T. tabaci females became older than 10 days.
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