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Responses were prompted by a blue dot appearing on one of the fingers of the hand stimulus on the screen.
On the other hand, stimulus material has been demonstrated to modulate the lateralization of global processing to the right and local processing to the left hemisphere.
The immediate presentation of the movement stimulus (index or middle finger lift) after the static hand stimulus produced apparent motion of the finger; shown to be a robust method to elicit compatibility effects (Press et al. 2005).
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The task required subjects to judge if a pictured stimulus was a right or left hand; stimuli included pictures of a right or left hand in a palm up or palm down position and in six different angular rotations (0°, 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, 300°).
In particular, in Experiment 1 and 2 the self right and left hand stimuli were shown to participants 72 times each; others' right and left hand stimuli were shown only 24 times.
The reason for this was to avoid potential confusion and carry-over effects from the numbed hand stimuli to the non-painful stimuli from experiment I.
The Hand factor was also significant, F 1,37) = 21.09, p<0.0001, ηp2 = 0.36, revealing slower RTs for the left than the right hand stimuli.
It follows that if perceptual familiarity could fully explain our results, it is not clear why our effect was visible only for right hand stimuli.
Of note, the significant interaction of the gender and the condition was mainly caused by the differential mu suppression between the female and male subgroups to watch the hand stimuli (P = 0.04).
Since according to our data the self-advantage relies upon a sensory-motor representation, the presence of the self-advantage only for self right hand stimuli is likely the consequence of the greater involvement of the left, rather than the right, sensory-motor areas in right-handers during a mental motor task.
No gender effect in response to hand stimuli was found for either male or female subjects.
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