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We recently demonstrated that methylphenidate (MPH) increased force output and increased FC between the insular (IC) and hand motor cortex during a fatiguing handgrip task.
The rTMS was delivered over the hand motor cortex of the left hemisphere through a water-cooled figure eight coil powered by a MagPro X 100 (MedTronic) magnetic stimulator.
Point h1 was also stimulated at 90% of resting motor threshold in 5 of the subjects to determine if the present results are related to subthreshold activation of the hand motor cortex.
Indeed, by applying single TMS pulses on the scalp overlying the hand motor cortex, the amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from the contralateral target muscles, reflects physiological properties of the motor system [9], [10], either during voluntary reaching and grasping actions [11] or even during motor imagery tasks [12] [17].
In this case, hand motor cortex would not be 'special' with respect to action-relatedness.
As a control, we examined the excitability of the hand motor cortex.
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González-Franco, M., Peck, T. C., Rodríguez-Fornells, A. & Slater, M. A threat to a virtual hand elicits motor cortex activation.
The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of the amount of use on hand muscle motor cortex representation by contrasting the effect of unspecific motor training and immobilization.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to study the excitability of the hand left motor cortex in normal subjects immediately before and after 10 h of right arm immobilization.
(Hand squeeze = motor cortex! Uncork champagne = also, probably, motor cortex).
"Of course, he can't actually move his hand, but the motor cortex in his brain can still issue the command and generate electrical waves in his brain".
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