Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(8)
The archeologists objected that this wasn't the case, and that hand excavation was required.
Formerly hand-dug shafts were widely used for piers where groundwater presented no serious problem, but hand excavation has been largely superseded by the use of rotary or percussion drilling.
In addition, a randomized controlled trial [ 23], found that hand excavation without local anaesthesia (LA) gave the least discomfort, and conventional cavity preparation with LA, the most.
Local anaesthesia (a dental injection) is placed to numb the tooth, dentinal caries is mechanically removed using rotary instruments (drill) or by hand excavation (using hand tools) and a restoration is placed in the tooth to fill the cavity.
In vitro studies have shown that, among the common caries excavation methods tested, hand excavation was the best method, in terms of combined efficiency and effectiveness, for cleaning of occlusal cavities in primary [ 27] and permanent teeth [ 28].
Such treatment option may have additional clinical benefit, besides its apparent lack of any higher restoration failure rates [ 6– 9]: It has been reported that HVGICs are most suitable for tooth restoration after minimally-invasive cavity preparation, i.e. hand excavation of infected carious tooth tissue during the atraumatic restorative treatment approach [ 20].
Similar(51)
A particular need for more trials of suitable sample size was identified for establishing restoration longevity of HVGIC fillings placed, using hand-excavation following the atraumatic restorative treatment approach, in posterior permanent restorations in comparison to amalgam [ 28].
On the other hand, over-excavation would remove the caries affected dentin and leave a sound substrate, with no potential sites for remineralization.
Over 480 species of Coleoptera were collected by a combination of pitfall trapping, hand searching and excavation techniques.
James Heller, the former Atari manager in charge of the original burial, was also on hand at the excavation.
James Heller, the former Atari manager who was in charge of the original burial, was also on hand at the excavation and revealed to the Associated Press that 728,000 cartridges of various titles were buried.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com