Comparability between studies is hampered by use of a range of different measures and by variations in study design, although there are clear anti-TNF class effects with relatively small differences in efficacy between agents.
Additionally, interpretation of these results is hampered by investigators using unsuitable species, unrealistic numbers of microbes, and heat treatments, which may disrupt antigen presentation.
C. chauvoei and C. septicum are closely related taxa and share many phenotypic properties hampering diagnosis by using traditional microbiological methods.
Analysis of surgical procedures is hampered by the use of small subject groups, the infrequent use of a control group, the unmatched selection of patients of varying ages, and the varying severity of the disease process.
Although promising results have been obtained in protection assays against amoebiasis using various experimental models such as mice, hamsters, and gerbils, the use of these strategies to protect humans in the future is hampered by the use of adjuvants that are potentially toxic and proinflammatory to mammals, such as bacterial toxins or oil-based adjuvants.
The interaction between patients and physicians may be hampered by the use of a PDA during the patient encounter, but explaining the reason for using a PDA to the patient was found to have a positive effect on patient-physician interactions and communications [ 122].
For the third time in five springs, the Yankees have a marquee player hampered by questions about using performance-enhancing drugs.
This goal has long been hampered by difficulties in using phenotypic methods or single-gene sequencing approaches to assign VGS strains to particular species (18 ).
Direct comparisons of results among studies were hampered by the use of different statistics (medians, means, or geometric means) and sampling strategies; the use of standardized methods could strengthen the validity of results and facilitate comparisons among different populations and locations.
According to the report, communication among assisting organizations was also a problem, hampered by the use of "10-codes" instead of plain language.
