Recently, a B9d1-null mouse has been described that exhibits MKS-like phenotypes, including large cystic kidneys, ductal plate malformations, polydactyly, occasional exencephaly and other hallmarks of ciliopathies, including dextrocardia (indicative of L-R patterning defects), holoprosencephaly and eye defects (Dowdle et al., 2011).
The conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II is a hallmark of autophagy and is indicative of autophagic activity, which can be monitored by LC3 immunoblotting or immunofluorescence (to monitor LC3 puncta formation) (Barth et al., 2010; Choi et al., 2013; Kabeya et al., 2000; Mizushima et al., 2010).
Many of the hallmark symptoms of depression reflect processes indicative of hypothalamic dysfunction, such as disturbances of mood, appetite, sleep, sex drive, and motivation.
Since insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and dysregulated secretion of adipocytokines are all hallmarks of cardiometabolic disease, these findings are indicative of the potential reversal of this pathophysiologic process (37, 38).
Treatment with these inhibitors suppressed the DDR mediated upregulation of IL8 in the liver (Fig. 6e), indicative of reduction in inflammation, a hallmark of tissue injury through the same DDR cascade reported above.
Helitron_scan searches for terminal and hairpin motifs independently and synthesizes this information into a score indicative of the presence or absence of the structural hallmarks of Helitrons.
Identification of the functional, structural, and behavioral hallmarks of normal aging aids in our understanding of atypical changes indicative of dementia.
Only the fully formulated MF59 emulsion induces all the established hallmarks of innate and adaptive immune activation, which includes activation of genes indicative of transendothelial cell migration, strong influx of immune cells into the injection site and their enhanced antigen uptake and transport to the lymph nodes.
This suggestion is supported by the present finding, that the mRNA concentration of sXBP1 in the liver was increased at 1 wk postpartum, indicative of an increased XBP1 splicing, which is considered a hallmark of ER stress [ 8].
The upheaval in Burundi may bear many of the hallmarks of a classic African military coup but, for some analysts, the crisis is indicative of a newfound public hunger for good governance, and a reaction against administrations run by political strongmen who cloak repression in the trappings of democracy.
