Furthermore, the decay time and duration at half-width of sEPCS of shell MSNs were longer in master mice than in saline controls (sub-region×behavioral procedure, for decay time, F2, 63=3.21, P=0.0470; for half-width duration, F2, 63=3.35, P=0.0415; post- hoc test, P<0.05, master versus saline in the MSNs of NAc core and shell for both frequency and amplitude).
In Gria4 spkw1 homozygous mice, sEPSCs had reduced amplitudes (39.4 ± 0.3 pA) and longer durations (half width: 0.47 ± 0.003 ms; n = 5882 sEPSCs in nine cells) compared with littermate controls (54.4 ± 0.3 pA, 0.36 ± 0.002 ms; n = 9032 sEPSCs in 12 cells; P < 0.01; Fig. 5).
The width (duration), rate of change and depth of the "Harmattan Well" bring about stress for both animals and plants.
In experiments with induction of early-LTP, a weak tetanization (WTET) protocol consisting of one 100 Hz train (21 biphasic constant-current pulses; pulse width duration 0.2 ms/polarity) was employed.
Figure 4 shows the relative intensity, indicative of mixing efficiency, at increasing pulse width duration for four different flow rates; the observed response is typical of a low-pass filter, where low frequencies show distinct chemical signals, but higher frequencies blur into a continuum.
AP half width was measured at half-maximal amplitude.
The width durations for programming and evaluating pulses were set to 10 and 1 μs, respectively.
In general the recommended windows width durations are between N/10 and N/20, where N is the duration of the signal.
Like CRH-expressing interneurons of the olfactory bulb, ChAT-positive MHB interneurons and striatal interneurons exhibited robust and consistent firing with short duration (≤25 ms) light pulses, and dramatic decreases in firing rates with pulse width durations greater than 40 ms. Again, this effect recapitulates the firing response to stepwise current injections.
Spike half-width was measured spike duration at half-amplitude.
