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The bars represent a half standard deviation of average rank.
Cohen defined a moderate effect as a difference of a half standard deviation [ 34].
a A half standard deviation for the parent emotional functioning is equal to 9.5.
The half standard deviation is used as the threshold to define differentially expressed transcripts.
A half standard deviation is thought to represent a moderate effect size, in line with previous research [ 57, 67].
A half standard deviation is a conservative estimate of clinical significance, but the minimally important difference may be below 1/2 SD in specific cases [ 58].
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The paper examines two possibilities: a "shock" scenario, in which the index jumps by one standard deviation (and G.D.P. falls by 3.6percentnt over two years), and a "severe shock" scenario, in which the uncertainty index jumps by one and a half standard deviations (and G.D.P. falls by six per cent over two years).
[The results were published in 1993 as "Genius Revisited: High IQ Children Grown Up," by Rena Subotnik, Lee Kassan, Ellen Summers, and Alan Wasser.] This was a group with an average I.Q. of 157 — three and a half standard deviations above the mean — who had been given what, by any measure, was one of the finest classroom experiences in the world.
The lowess curve in figure 3 shows that the PCS is only about half a standard deviation below the population mean until the mid-20s, after which the score declines somewhat more rapidly than the population norms, and from about the age of 40 or so it is about one and a half standard deviations below the norms.
Results suggested a clinically significant response shift in ratings of most and average fatigue of approximately one-half standard deviation.
For example, individuals holding at least a Bachelor's degree in engineering have spatial skills that are more than one-and-a-half standard deviation higher than the rest of the population.
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