It was intended to control the numbers of ex-soldiers living rough after having extirpated the final energies of the French revolution in the Napoleonic wars.
The plausibility of southern range expansions, however, is predicated upon identification of factors that would have extirpated these species from southern regions while allowing them to persist in northern ones prior to a southern expansion event.
Sea level rise during this period appeared to have extirpated the last albatross colony in the Atlantic (short-tailed in this case), at which point the Panamanian seaway was closed leaving the North Atlantic isolated from recolonization by Phoebastria species.
#BWC had been extirpated from Kiko 1 fragment shortly before this study began, and RC were extirpated from the fragment shortly after sampling was completed, between January and July 2006.
In another example, gray wolves (Canis lupus), the wild stock from which domesticated dogs arose, were persecuted for decades and by the 1960s had been extirpated (or made locally extinct) throughout 46 of the 48 contiguous U.S. states.
Wolves had been extirpated from Ohio long ago, but they still survive in Ontario.
This includes the gray wolf, which had been extirpated from the region by the early 1900s but migrated into the Grand Teton National Park from adjacent Yellowstone National Park after the species had been reintroduced there.
Western Gulf brown pelican: With their population decimated first to provide feathers for women's hats in the 1890s, then by fishermen who feared them as competitors, then by DDT, by 1961 these graceful fliers, known for their dive-bombing fishing tactics, had been extirpated in Louisiana, where they are the state bird, and fast approaching the same status in Texas.
Bald eagles had been extirpated from the Channel Islands by 1960 owing to a host of factors including the contamination of the surrounding waters with DDT [27].
The study also supported that grayling had been extirpated from Lake Baikal during the early to mid-Pleistocene as the result of some climate-induced environmental perturbation.
