Sentence examples for had effective population from inspiring English sources

Both descendant populations had effective population sizes that were over one order of magnitude larger than the ancestral population (θ A), which peaked at 10.28 900% HPD = 2.82 - 17.57).

In the past, most evolution experiments had effective population sizes exceeding this threshold, including the Lenski experiment, in which the bacterium E. coli was evolved for >50,000 generations to adapt to minimal medium (De Visser et al. 1999; Miralles et al. 1999; Barrick et al. 2009).

However, it is likely that larger numbers of animals in the reference population will be necessary, since the effective population size will increase with the pooling of individuals across breeds which individually have effective population sizes of about 100 individuals.

Given that a species as abundant as the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster has effective population sizes of little more than a million [ 143], suggests that the Amazon molly probably has N e < 10.

Accordingly, the ancestor of the three species had an effective population size (Ne) of 20 K individuals (θ = 0.0011) and following divergence the effective population sizes of C. echinospermum and C. reticulatum increased ~10-fold (Ne = 225 and 275 K, respectively).

The population had an effective population size of 100,000 with a mutation rate of 10-8 per generation.

Given that small sample sizes make estimating theta from a single marker problematic, and the difficulty in obtaining accurate mutation rate estimates for 16S in treefrogs, we chose to simplify the model by assuming each historical population had similar effective population sizes.

Due to the similar long range r 2 (0.035) at 10 Mb we would have expected the Landrace population to have an effective population size comparable to that of Duroc and Yorkshire.

Smaller bodied animals, which tend to have larger effective population sizes (Ne), are expected to have increased efficacy of gBGC and thus strengthened isochores (Romiguier et al. 2010).

Accordingly, freshwater fish species, which have smaller effective population sizes than marine fish species, have generally larger genomes (Yi and Streelman 2005).

In one, population fragmentation and commercial harvests in the eastern North Pacific over several decades have reduced effective population sizes to an extent that diversity has been lost through genetic drift in some regions.