Disability has been widely studied, particularly through the Global Burden of Disease Report; dependence, defined as 'the need for frequent human help or care beyond that habitually required by a healthy adult' [ 5], much less so.
Our results showed that old age, female sex and lower education were associated to dependence defined as the need of help to perform activities of daily living beyond that habitually required by healthy individuals.
In these traditional and less developed settings, where most older people live with their children and are routinely provided with support for both core and instrumental activities of daily living, it may be difficult to identify 'the need for frequent human help or care beyond that habitually required by a healthy adult'.
The obvious case is that of the variable "labour income", which habitually requires us to predict counterfactual values, as income is only observed in the declared employment status.
However, some researchers have argued that no sauropod would have been able to hold the neck upright habitually because of the very high blood pressure required which would damage the arterial tissue and also the brain if the sauropod ever were to lower its head (Choy & Altmann, 1992).
Finally, some health professionals reported that writing goals and action plans in the G-AP record was a new and added task for them which required extra time to complete and had not been habitually integrated into their routine practice.
Mr Kearns was habitually drunk and that was the reason he so egregiously failed to perform the duties required of him.
The authority is required to have a balanced budget, and while it is hardly free of sin, it is habitually short-changed by state and city politicians, left hanging more often than an A. J. Burnett curve ball.
However, greater precision may be achieved by distinguishing between habitually initiated behaviour, which is instigated by a habitual impulse but may require cognitive input to be performed, and habitually performed behaviour, the execution of which is facilitated by the activation of one or more habits, regardless of whether consciously or non-consciously instigated.
Our findings highlight the need for more research, in particular large randomized controlled clinical trials, exploring the dose of physical activity required to prevent weight gain as 60 minutes a day may present itself as a daunting undertaking for most individuals but even more so for a habitually sedentary individuals.
It seems feasible that each, but not necessarily all, of these may proceed automatically in response to contextual cues (i.e., habitually); boarding the bus may be automatic, but finding a seat may require reasoned deliberation.
