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VAS ratings for habitual portion size comparisons were summarised with means and 95% CI, where a 50 mm value was considered to signify 'same size as usual portion'.
Participants also rated how the displayed portion compared to their habitual portion using a 100 mm VAS preceded by the question "how does this serving compare to your usual portion of X food/drink?" ("a lot smaller" to "a lot larger") (Kral, 2006).
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We therefore explored participants' ability to estimate portions using two previously piloted methods, rating the number of portions displayed (Brogden & Almiron-Roig, 2011) and a scale-based rating of the portion amount against habitual amounts (Kral, 2006).
We asked participants to quantify the number of portions based on habitual consumption, of 33 different foods and drinks displayed to them.
Fitness has the advantage of being something that becomes habitual: if exercise is a big portion of your life, you'll keep using that smart band with some regularity.
The foods were provided in unusual portion sizes to prevent habitual intake.
The inclusion criteria were as follows: CVD risk of ≥20% over 10 years, as defined by Joint British Societies' guidelines on the prevention of CVD in clinical practice (12); BMI ≥27 and ≤35 kg/m; and habitual F&V intake of two or fewer portions per day.
STP-use typically involves extended mouth residence (e.g. in the case of Swedish snus an average of 1 h per portion for 12 14 h/day [43]) at habitual locations within the mouth.
To simulate habitual consumption patterns, capsules that equated to one portion of oily fish were provided on none, 1, 2, or 4 d of the week, which were designated a zero-portion or control group, a 1-portion group, a 2-portions group, or a 4-portions group.
Methods based on habitual consumption contain a subjective component and may be influenced by learning or experience with that food, which may make them more user-friendly but less sensitive for estimating portions of foods composed of various units, than other methods (Kral, 2006).
Too often the choices we make about food have less to do with what we're really craving (whether regarding a specific food or even a portion size) and more about what is habitual.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com