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(There are currently no guidelines for mercury).
The review also highlighted difficulty interpreting toxicity of the ethylmercury in thiomersal because guidelines for mercury toxicity were based primarily on studies of methylmercury, a different mercury compound with different toxicologic properties.
Timoney's analysis further noted that studies of local fish have shown that all the walleye and female whitefish and almost all the male whitefish tested exceeded U.S. guidelines for mercury consumption.
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In 2006 the WHO changed the health-based drinking-water guideline for mercury from 1 μg/L of total mercury to 6 μg/L of inorganic mercury [ 104].
The assumption that a drinking-water guideline for mercury need not take into account the potential for exposures to organic mercury must also be given more consideration.
Thus, the 10%% source allocation factor for water used by the WHO in deriving the drinking water guideline for mercury may be too high.
Instead, in 2006, the WHO revised the drinking-water guideline for mercury so that it only applied to inorganic mercury; there is no longer any drinking-water guideline that applies to organic mercury [ 93, 104].
To explain why the former guideline for mercury was based on the toxicity of methylmercury, the WHO stated "it is unlikely that there is any direct risk of the intake of organic mercury compounds, and especially of alkymercurials [such as methyl- and ethylmercury compounds], as a result of the ingestion of drinking-water.
For instance, he says Health Canada's guideline for mercury in fish is much higher than that of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and there are no guidelines for important pollutants such as PAHs in sediment that can get into fish and drinking water.
And although the thimerosal levels in vaccines exceeded the E.P.A.'s guidelines for methyl mercury, thimerosal contained ethyl mercury, a compound that behaves somewhat differently in the body.
If the practice of basing the drinking water guideline for total mercury on the PTWI for methylmercury had been continued in 2006, the former 1 μg/L drinking-water guideline would have been lowered significantly to protect developing fetuses.
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