The knowledge derived from this study is also important for the further development of quality tools, including national guidelines and instruments to enhance the quality of care, such as quality indicators.
With the aim to improve fisheries and aquaculture management policies and practices, FIP will produce international framework guidelines and instruments on the use of economic incentives for fisheries management and international guidelines on good management practices in shrimp aquaculture that will take into account gender differentials, to the extent possible.
Several guidelines and instruments for evaluating the risks of bias and other methodological criteria of animal research have been published, but there has been no attempt to compare the criteria that they include; to determine whether risk of bias, reporting, or other criteria are assessed; or to determine whether the criteria are based on empirical evidence of bias.
Overall, 18 instruments were designed specifically to evaluate preclinical drug studies, 8 instruments documented general animal research guidelines, and 4 instruments were designed to assess environmental toxicology research.
Quality in these is all-important: published methodological guidelines [34] and instruments [13] are available, and surveys should follow and adopt these.
A number of quality standards, country specific guidelines, checklists and instruments are available to assess the quality of various types of evidence (e.g., CONSORT,[ 46] CHEC,[ 47] STROBE[ 48], QUOROM[ 49], MOOSE[ 50],. GRADE[ 51, 52], QHES[ 53, 54] and others [ 24- 27, 29- 40, 55- 67]).
The instruments for an experiment are of three types, namely objects, guidelines and measurement instruments (Wohlin et al. 2012).
Several studies reported multiple barriers for adherence of physical therapists to clinical guidelines and measurement instruments [ 7- 9].
In the Netherlands, the implementation of the guidelines and measurement instruments was performed in a relatively passive way until 2008.
Panel members also recommended the development of resources to: facilitate consistency in referral and diagnostic practices, including comprehensive clinical guidelines and assessment instruments; and to support individuals undergoing assessment and their parents or carers.
Outcomes of studies that assessed barriers and facilitators for using guidelines and measurement instruments in the field of physical therapy vary, and negative [ 8] as well as positive attitudes [ 23, 24] have been reported.
