It is worth noting that the memory-guided goal was always opposite to the previous goal even in visually guided trials (VDLL, VDRR), because the task design did not allow the rats to identify the subtask until they reached the junction (see 'Materials and methods').
Similarly, future regions were strongly and statistically significantly represented in the correct visually guided trials.
At the junction, only a single visual cue was present in the visually guided trials.
In the visually guided trials, only one of the visual cues was present at the junction.
(A, C, E ) Upper panels show the posterior probability of decoded locations for path replays that occurred in the vicinity of the start position in the spatial alternation trials (VDLR, VDRL, NALR, NARL, DALR, DARL) (A ), the visually guided trials (VDLL, VDRR) (C ), and erroneous trials (E ), centered on the start position and rotated according to the direction of the memory-guided goal.
Note that in the visually guided trials (VDLL, VDRR), the rats could get rewards at the previous goal but were always under spatial memory demand due to the task design, so the choice to go toward the memory-guided goal (i.e., the goal opposite to the previous goal) was defined as an erroneous response.
Other stratification trials employing CTC as a biomarker are likely to follow, such as the 'CriTiCal Trial' (Circulating Tumour Cell guided Chemotherapy Trial in Colorectal Cancer) planned in the UK.
The ending point was guided by trial attrition.
In this regard, BiomarCaRE has already initiated the planning of the "post" BiomarCaRE phase that will prospectively validate clinical utilisation in personalised medicine, by proposing the execution of a biomarker guided clinical trial utilizing the results of the BiomarCaRE consortium.
13 The Glucosamine Unum In Die (once-a-day) Efficacy (GUIDE) trial, a 318 patient, six-month European trial sponsored by industry, showed a small, 5%6%% improvement in total WOMAC Index score over placebo for glucosamine sulfate.
