Specifically, the task used requires participants to use a top-down attention set to guide attention, based on color, to a target among distractors.
'Scripts provide a cognitive representation of how an individual believes a sequence of events will occur' (Abelson 1981), and 'individuals rely on their scripts to guide attention and behaviour, especially in new situation (Fiske and Taylor 1991).
Controlling everyday behaviour relies on the ability to configure appropriate task sets and guide attention towards information relevant to the current context and goals.
These findings argue against the claim that singleton search relies exclusively on stimulus-driven factors and suggest that preknowledge of the target feature, when available, can guide attention.
This salience map is used subsequently to guide attention.
Likely, both of these processes are intrinsic to MOT, as grouping can guide attention, and attention can facilitate grouping [5].
Unsigned RPE can be used to guide attention.
On the basis of studies using this paradigm, Soto and Humphreys (2007) suggested that semantic information held in WM can guide attention.
Based on visual search studies of the recent decades, several stimulus attributes have been found to be able to guide attention (such as color, motion, orientation, and size; see Wolfe & Horowitz, 2004, and Wolfe, 1998, for lists).
As an unbound and data-driven visual search is NP-Complete [ 37], we here review only models that are based on a top down guided attention schema.
