Suniva, for instance, enjoyed state tax incentives for its Michigan plant, and "many other U.S. solar manufacturers have received tax, grant, and loan guarantee incentives," says analyst Hugh Bromley.
On one side, it is due to guarantee incentives to inventors: if the economic return for the author is not protected, there is a risk of slowing down innovation.
Although this is different to being given a lottery ticket or scratch card, it may have a reduced effect compared with a guaranteed incentive.
Evidence also suggests that prize draws for larger monetary incentives are no less effective than small guaranteed incentives [ 19].
Without a guarantee, any incentive proposed will be sliced and diced for why it will not work, how much it will waste, who the winners and losers are, and so forth.
Last year's direct infusions of capital are only one of many government props currently supporting the banks, like favorable loans from the Federal Reserve, debt guarantees and incentive payments to modify bad mortgages.
Allocations formally guarantee sharing incentives such that users prefer the shared system over a private one.
Challenges sometimes will offer a guaranteed, small incentive alongside a sweepstakes.
This feature indicates that both the PU and relay can be benefited from cooperative transmission, which guarantees the incentive of participation for both the PU and the relay.
The bigger problem for regulators and society is that because of implicit and explicit federal guarantees, the incentive to take large, potentially systemic risks is built directly into the equity itself.
The following main facilitators contributed to realization of the rehabilitation guarantee: financial incentives, establishment of project organization, recruitment, in-service training and previous experiences of working in similar projects.
