We can also mention that they do not define how to exchange payment information in a secure way that guarantees authentication, confidentiality and integrity, although they mention that mechanisms such as S/MIME, TLS and SIPS URI could be used for this purpose.
This message allows the vendor to register his account with the broker as well as the master keys that the broker will use to provide symmetric keys to the clients in order to communicate with the vendor in a way that guarantees authentication, integrity and confidentiality.
Moreover, U uses the same way to guarantee the authentication response message {ID GW, ID Sn, ID u, E X′, T Sn } from Sn has not been modified.
Similarly, Sn can guarantee the authentication response message {ID GW, ID Sn, ID u, E Z′, T GW } from GW has not been modified by an unauthorized entity via decrypting E Z′, recomputing and checking δ.
GW can also guarantee the authentication request message {ID Sn, ID GW, IDu, E Z (a, β), T u, T Sn } from Sn has not been modified by an unauthorized entity via decrypting E Z (a, β), recomputing and checking a, β.
The nodes of ROFL routing guarantees origin authentication and path validation using self-certification and access control mechanism respectively.
The scheme guarantees mutual authentication and location privacy and also resists the man-in-the-middle attack, the spoofed reader attack, and the spoofed tag attack.
Property Proposed [31] 12] Resiliency High Low Low Key establishment Guaranteed Not guaranteed Not guaranteed Scalability Scalable Authentication problem Not scalable Memory requirement Efficient Less efficient Efficient.
Secure tunnels have been widely used in traditional wired and wireless networks to guarantee confidentiality and authentication.
