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To identify these metabolites, botanists need spectral libraries specialized for the taxonomic group under study.
The intersection of the two status dimensions - parental education and occupational mobility upon migration – reveals the diversity and difference within the ethnic group under study.
By definition, the node located at the bottom of the cladogram is the root of a phylogenetic tree and corresponds to the common ancestor of the group under study.
To make sense of the numbers, it helps to break them down a little - to divide the net contribution to the public purse by the number of people in each group under study.
Utilizing this barcoding gap, a standard sequence threshold was proposed to define species boundaries of around 10 times the mean intraspecific variation for the group under study [9].
Reconstructing the palaeobiogeographic and phylogeographic history of organisms is only as good as the phylogenetic robustness of the group under study and the resolution that the fossil record provides on past distributions of these taxa.
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Yet, one cannot always be sure that the test items measure the same constructs in the groups under study.
Yet, it is not certain that their items give rise to the same performance in various groups under study.
The comparison of population means was done using "Z" test to compare the prevalence of malocclusion and malocclusion traits between the two groups under study.
The Welch's Student-t test was used when the Levene test revealed heterocedasticity of variances for the groups under study (p < 0.05).
In nonrandomized intervention studies unequal distribution of patient characteristics in the groups under study may hinder comparability of prognosis and therefore lead to confounding bias.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com