Sentence examples for group dispersal from inspiring English sources

We design a simple model to study the origin and evolution of group dispersal.

We assume that like many other group activities associated with collective movement, group dispersal in our model is initiated by leaders.

While there are empirical studies that explore the proximate incentives for group dispersal, theoretical research has primarily examined the consequences rather than the evolution of this phenomenon.

High relatedness, significant reductions in the cost of dispersal due to dispersing in groups, and reproductive skew in favour of followers facilitates the emergence of group dispersal.

This ball is a structure facilitating group dispersal by wind or animal transport.

Nevertheless, there are examples where cooperative behaviors are associated with enhanced group dispersal (see Additional file 1).

Finally, we also repeated the tests of sister-group dispersal mode and biogeographic distribution type using a Bayesian fit of the models of the fixed and random effects.

Most contrasts supported the hypothesis and mean species diversity contrasts were positive (myrmecochores>non-myrmecochores) in all sister-group dispersal modes (Fig. 2A, B).

In butterflies (and several other taxonomic groups), dispersal can be associated with different behavioural types of movements [ 10]. 'Routine' movements are associated with daily activities such as resource exploitation (e.g. foraging, mate-location); these movements are usually characterized by high levels of returning and loops [ 10].

We can then assess the relative impacts of (1) costs and benefits of individual behaviors and (2) kin structure, on associations between exploitative strategy within a group, and dispersal to found new groups.

This is especially the case in great apes, where closely related individuals (parent-offspring pairs) are found together in one group and dispersal distances are likely limited [ 36, 37].