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Of the numerous attempts at group colonization, the most notable effort was the theocratic and collectivist New England town that flourished, especially in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New Hampshire, during the first century of settlement.
In the VRE-infected group, colonization with VRE lasted longer than 1 week in 10 patients (83.3 %) were determined.
Indeed, the relatively high levels of genetic diversity found in AFLP could be attributed to the high levels of sociality observed in Z. borbonicus [ 50], which increases the probability of group colonization and reduces the chance of founder events [ 51, 52].
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Although the infection risk was comparable between the hypothermia and normothermia group, the colonization rate was significantly higher in the hypothermia compared to the normothermia patients.
We developed a PCR-based assay to determine if these genetic features were consistently present in a larger group of colonization or invasive isolates.
Colonization seems to be a risk factor for infection with A. schaalii in children and adults as most case reports have been described in the same age group where colonization most frequently occurs.
This showed that in the S. oralis mono-infection group, intestinal colonization was highest on the third day of the experiment (one day post-sublingual inoculation) and then it decreased sharply (Fig. 3).
In both groups, NTHi colonization increased with age from 33% in 5-month-olds to 65% in 24-month-olds.
When these isolates were grouped into colonization and infection isolates (Table 1), the relative ratios of colonization versus infection for the community-associated (16/31, 0.52) and the hospital-associated (26/14, 1.86) isolates, respectively, were significantly different from each other (p = 0.0064 by the χ test).
The mortality rates were 50% in the colonization group and 80% in the invasive infection group.
We observed a longer extracorporeal membrane oxygenation duration (12 (9–20) days versus 7 (5–15) days respectively, p < 0.05) and a higher proportion of male patients (72.4 % versus 54.2 %, p < 0.05) in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device colonization group compared to uninfected/uncolonized extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device group, respectively.
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