Russell was an ardent opponent of a position known as the "doctrine of internal relations", which Russell stated as the view that "every relation is grounded in the natures of the related terms" (MTT, 139).
It was carefully grounded in antitrust doctrine and the facts presented at trial.
The idea that Jesus had siblings has always been problematic, and some of the cerebral gymnastics to get around the issue are grounded in much later doctrine: if Mary is perpetually virgin, then figures such as James and Jude are half-brothers, or cousins.
But their inventiveness was grounded in shared doctrines and constrained by shared assumptions.
Comprehensive liberal feminisms are grounded in moral doctrines.
Theirs was thus a temperate and tentative faith, grounded in action rather than doctrine.
Other critiques argue that privacy interests are not distinctive because the personal interests they protect are economically inefficient (Posner, 1981) or that they are not grounded in any adequate legal doctrine (Bork, 1990).
Toward the end of the Preliminary Theses, after affirming that all science must be grounded in nature, and that doctrines not so grounded remain purely "hypothetical," Feuerbach had gone on to note that this is especially true of the doctrine of freedom, and he had assigned to the new philosophy the task of "naturalizing freedom" (VT 262/172).
Tamar Meissels thus argues in favor of "taking existing national settlements into account as a central factor in demarcating territorial boundaries" since this line " has both liberal foundations" (i.e., in the work of John Locke) and liberal-national appeal (2009, 159) grounded in its affinity with the liberal doctrine of national self-determination.
The Schechters Supreme Courtt victory was not, in this regard, a vindication; the decision was grounded in an interpretation of the Commerce Clause and other constitutional doctrines, not in any endorsement of Schechter Poultry's practices.
