To combine both ICR and ToF mass analysis in one instrument requires the sample to be near ground potential, to inject secondary ions into the grounded ICR cell at low enough kinetic energies to permit high trapping efficiency.
Just between the columella initials and the stelar pole, a single layer of epidermis endodermis structural initial cells is visible and represents the origin of the epidermis and all ground cell layers (Fig. 7b).
r m (x, y, z, f d ) is the slant range from the m th satellite to the ground cell, r m x, y, z, f d = y 2 + z 2 + λ 2 y 2 + z 2 f d 2 8 v s 2 − Δ y m cos θ τ, f d sin ϕ τ − Δ z m cos ϕ τ. (6).
To determine if the structure of the lignin may be altered in the silenced individuals, we stained ground cell wall material from midribs of leaf blades with phloroglucinol-HCl and immediately photographed the results.
Cell types are labeled as: meristemoid mother cell (MMC), meristemoid (M), stomatal lineage ground cell (SLGC), guard mother cell (GMC), guard cell (GC), pavement cell (PC).
Entry division (black) of a meristemoid mother cell (MMC) initiates the lineage and results in the formation of a meristemoid (M) and a stomatal lineage ground cell (SLGC).
Fourier transform infrared spectra of finely ground cell wall samples were recorded on a Bruker Vector 22 FT-IR spectrophotometer (Bruker Optics Madrid Spain).
Ground cell powder was allowed to thaw on ice then resuspended in 9 mL of extraction buffer (20 mM Hepes-NaOH, pH 7.5; 300 mM NaCl; 1 mM EDTA; 5 mM EGTA; 50mM NaF; 50 mM β-glycerophosphate; 0.5% TritonX-100; 1 mM DTT; 1 mM PMSF; and 1 mg/mL each pepstatin A, aprotinin, and leupeptin).
100 mg of the ground cells was mixed with 500 μl Genomic Lysis Buffer (OmniPrepTM for Fungus Kit, G-Biosciences, St . Louis MO 63132-1429, U.S.A).
As shown by the data in Fig. 8, the expression levels of OsSUT2 in scutellum and vascular bundles were higher than in other embryo ground cells, and the OsSUT2 promoter activity was also significantly observed in aleurone layers.
