Exact(6)
On a simple crystal field model, these bands would be interpreted as the transitions from the 2B2- ground term to the 2E, 2B1 and 2A1- terms [24], respectively.
Solving the given problem then consists of finding a proof of the theorem above such that v is instantiated by a ground term.
Furthermore, while in φ2 the time when the object hits the floor has to be computed explicitly (i.e. t′ is instantiated to a ground term), in φ1 this is not so (i.e. t′ is instantiated to a variable).
For example, in the cut-free proof of Solution 2, the existentially quantified variable for the time when the object reaches height zero is instantiated by a ground term that denotes exactly when this happens.
We then attempted to fit the χM T product of the "isolated" CoII site to an anisotropic single-ion spin-Hamiltonian: 3 with SCo=3/2, reflecting the A2g ground term of CoII.
This is supported by the EPR analysis: if we assume a I9/2 ground term, 39 with gJ=8/11, the J z=±1/2 doublet is calculated to have g x, y =3.65, g z=0.73 (all other doublets have g x, y =0), in good agreement with experiment.
Similar(54)
Ground terms, ground literals, and ground clauses have no variables.
Terms that only have constants (no variables) are called ground terms.
The ground terms of a formula φ are computed using the function atom.
At the first iteration, all the states where ground terms are true are evaluated.
In the next iteration, these results are used to evaluate all subformulæ directly using one of those ground terms.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com