He skimped on ground organization and field offices.
The mailer also asks for donations to the Cain campaign, and touts a big grass-roots ground organization.
While petition success does not necessarily translate into voter affection on Election Day, it can demonstrate the strength of a campaign's ground organization.
Mr. McCain, of Arizona, held the advantage early on in South Carolina, building a strong ground organization, only to have to lay off many staff members in the summer.
Person-to-person campaigning is effective, but it doesn't happen without a well-run ground organization heavily linked to the metrics provided by modern digital marketing technology.
Throughout their research, the fellows partner with a major academic institution as well as an "on the ground" organization to bridge the gap between theory and application.
But what Mr. Brown, as a Republican in a deep blue state, may lack in ground organization, he makes up for on the stump as a natural-born campaigner who makes a personal connection with voters.
The $15 million he had remaining as of Sept. 30 is helping him build a robust ground organization in Iowa, where he is hoping an early victory will give him a lift in a drawn-out nominating fight.
Joe Trippi, the Dean campaign manager, said he continued to believe that only Mr. Gephardt had a ground organization that rivaled Dr. Dean's for a political event that is heavily dependent on the ability to get voters out.
Great America PAC spent roughly $30 million on TV and radio ads, phone calls, mailers, and a ground organization to support Trump since it formed in February, amassing a list of 250,000 donors.
