In fact, Ibrahim's op-eds in the Washington Post led an Egyptian court to sentence him to two years on the grounds of "harming Egypt's image abroad" – a verdict overturned by the appeals court this week.
The result is an empirically grounded framework of harm reduction strategies and the accumulated evidence of their effectiveness.
Most important, it keeps American soldiers off the ground and out of harm's way, which has made it a favorite of administrations over the last decade, who relied on it to run a punishing bombing campaign over Iraq during the gulf war and in Yugoslavia in 1999 to force Slobodan Milosevic to pull out of Kosovo.
Paternalism is sometimes justified on the grounds of preventing harm.
The law says states can petition the agency for a reduction in the ethanol mandates on the grounds of severe harm to the economy or environment.
Lee pointed out that criminal activity back home was not sufficient grounds to claim asylum, unless it were connected to five specific grounds for fear of harm - race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion.
Some have since argued that all septic shock patients should receive corticosteroids regardless of tetracosactrin response on the grounds of lack of harm [ 12], whereas others counsel caution in view of the risk of potential adverse events such as myopathy [ 13].
Although the traditionalist ustads may not agree that all smoking is haram, they would at least agree that it is makruh, and perhaps would support an indoor smoking ban on the grounds of not harming or annoying other people.
The IADPSG criteria are grounded on minimising the risk of harm to the mother and baby, and diagnostic thresholds were set to give an OR of 1.75 at each OGTT time point [ 11].
A holistic view of harm reduction, not grounded in an abstinence-only approach to treatment, holds that it's possible to be successful in recovery without going cold turkey. .
