Sentence examples for ground attributes from inspiring English sources
Errors in rectification and GPS coordinates cause observations of ground attributes to be associated with spectral values of incorrect pixels which, in turn, introduces classification errors into the resulting maps.
Here, we apply a spatially-explicit framework based on the stochastic dynamic methodology (StDM) principles to capture the trends of relevant population foraging ground attributes, assumed as proxies of the habitat suitability for two endangered Portuguese chough populations.
Empirical regression models are often used to convert imagery to attribute maps, when an a priori linear relationship can be assumed to exist between the imagery and ground attributes.
Data for above-ground attributes were analysed using mixed effects models with a restricted maximum likelihood (REML) approach.
Above- and below-ground attributes were measured in autumn 2010 (year (Y 1), 2011 (Y2), and 2012 (Y3).
Below-ground attributes were measured using the same protocol used in trial 1, including soil width and depth increments of 0 < 0.5, 0.5 < 1.0, and ≥1.0 m.
Fig. 2 Above-ground attributes of a shoot length, b shoot mass, and c planting material mass of Veronese poplar established from three planting materials.
Phillips et al. (2014) found that 9-month-old Veronese and Kawa trees established from 0.5-m-long stem sections were similar for above- and below-ground attributes, except for maximum root depth where Veronese was about 40%% greater than Kawa (1.0 vs. 0.7 m).
In trial 1 for above-ground attributes measured in each of 3 years, sources of variation in the model were block (4 degrees of freedom (df)), year (2 df), PM (2 df), year × PM interaction (4 df), and residual (28 df), giving a total of 40 df.
There continue to be many above-ground attributes of poplars assessed, including in Europe (Pulkkinen et al. 2013; Toillon et al. 2013; Verlinden et al. 2013), China (Fang et al. 2013), and North America (Hart et al. 2013; Kaczmarek et al. 2013), mainly with respect to the rapidly developing use of short-rotation coppice systems for biofuels and other products.
Individual woodland species showed a range of responses to five main structural and compositional categories: (1) land use, (2) tree cover and composition, (3) eucalypt regeneration, (4) shrub cover, and (5) ground cover attributes.
