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The increase of machine power directly increased the grinding force and the resulted higher friction between the abrasive and workpiece material caused an obvious increase in grinding heat.
When grinding with a 60# grit size abrasive, the high surface plastic deformation as well as grinding heat induced a high tensile stress, which was reduced by using the 180# grit size abrasive because of the lower mechanical effect.
Excessive grinding heat might probably lead to unwanted heat damages of workpiece materials, most previous studies on grinding heat/temperature, however, assumed the wheel-workpiece contact zone as a moving band heat source, which might be not appropriate enough to capture the realistic situation in grinding.
However, secondary post-processing using traditional processes such as machining, grinding, heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing, i.e., Hybrid Manufacturing, is required to achieve Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T), surface finish and desired mechanical properties.
A too small infeed per workpiece revolution would result in insufficient grinding heat, and in turn, bring about an undesirable tempered hardened layer and a reduction of its hardness.
The cooling effect with lubrication is notable although the temperature measured in the lubrication condition may possibly be that of the lubricant rather than the metal surface; lubrication can effectively reduce friction between the abrasive grits and the workpiece, and help remove grinding heat (Yao et al. 2013).
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The facade extracts ground heat from a shallow depth and consequently the temperature of the facade rises.
A novel textile-type ground heat exchanger, a so-called "energy textile", is introduced in this paper.
The analytical method set by the Italian regulation [10] has been applied for sizing a novel horizontal ground heat exchanger, termed flat-panel (FP).
These numerical criteria are consistent with the fact that especially ground heat, and solar heat have low exergy, compared to fossil fuels, and solar and wind energy applications in airports are limited.
The geothermal heat pump (or ground source heat pump) uses the ground as heat source or sink for heating and cooling respectively.
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