They were always done in a way that was very non-gratuitous, since their relationship is very intense and special.
Some regard charity as a condescending attitude; others expose the underlying expectation of return involved in any system of gifts (Mauss 1954) or even the logical impossibility of a real, free and gratuitous gift relationship, since every giving involves an expectation of return — of both gratitude and a future gift (Derrida 1992).
Gale argues that since there are possible worlds with gratuitous or horrendous evils, and since God as necessary would exist in these worlds, God cannot be necessarily good.
But for others, forgiveness is the epitome of supererogatory action since it is completely gratuitous, dependent on the good will of the offended party (Heyd 1982).
Since the students spoke English, the offers were gratuitous.
The opening episode contained a gratuitous stabbing scene that felt very new French extremity, and since then we've been treated to a graphic moment of cannibalism and a strange oozing scar.
Indeed, many Mohists seem to have concluded that, since social order was a paramount value and gratuitous warfare was wrong, they had a duty to assist victims of aggression.
The murder has since been woven into Sweden's national memory as an emblem of inexplicable and seemingly gratuitous violence stalking their peaceful and well-ordered land.
Or Nikki Haley, or the long - since defeated Jeb Bush - both recent subjects of Trump's gratuitous ridicule.
