In a seminal paper on the topic, Soumerai and Avorn summarized the basic elements critical for a successful program as: a focused problem or objective, understanding target audience motivations, establishing credibility, encouraging two-sided communication and promotion of an active learning environment, repetition and reinforcement, and the use of brief graphical printed material [ 4].
Where this information was in graphical form, printed versions were used to calculate the number of patients remaining after discontinuation for lack of efficacy or adverse event.
Graphical abstract Six prints executed in different polymers of an RP artwork "Out of the Cauldron" by the artist Tom Lomax, before and after a photodegradation experiment.
Mr. Schmidt, who holds a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of California at Berkeley, was also a researcher at the Palo Alto Research Center, or PARC, the institution that helped to develop laser printing, the graphical user interface and the Ethernet.
New consumer-targeted packages from companies such as Red Hat and SuSE have comforting printed manuals, graphical user interfaces (GUIs) that allow users to interact with the operating system in a familiar, Windows-like way, and - importantly - access to helpdesks.
Xerox invented the graphical user interface, laser printing and zippy computer-to-computer communications.
Xerox's famed research center, PARC, and the Xerox Innovation Group have been instrumental in commercializing emerging technologies such as laser printing, the graphical user interface, and ubiquitous computing.
Only data published in graphical form were enlarged, printed, measured (using a ruler) and then entered into the database as described previously.
Established in 1970 in an industrial park next to Stanford, PARC researchers designed a remarkable array of computer technologies, including the Alto personal computer, the Ethernet office network, laser printing and the graphical user interface.
Thereafter, a description of the document is sent to a standard tool from the printing industry and graphical quality comparable to high-end publications was achieved.
