Grants are given in instalments.
The glaciologist criticises the way research grants are given out.
Although "structural" state grants are given to French media, satirical publications have been excluded until now.
The grants are given to municipalities using an equation that takes into account poverty, tax bases and other factors.
Grants are given to benefit the environment, education, health services, the homeless, leadership development and civil rights.
Tiffany grants are given every other year to "emerging artists," a euphemism for artists with no track record.
The term "genius award" seems to have sprung up in the news media soon after the first grants were given, in 1981, and the nickname has stuck.
Government watchdogs say such programs can be wasteful because the grants are given on an ad hoc basis, without planning or an assessment of community needs.
The proposal was approved and grants were given by the Department for Education to cover the costs incurred during the setting up of the school.
The grants were given to 16 California nonprofit research institutions to train what program officials have called the next generation of stem cell researchers.
