Throughout the country, says Brazilian land specialist Michael Shean, "there is massive fraud in the writing of titles, the granting of titles and also the contesting of titles".
This seems to have always been true of higher education in the UK – from the foundation of the colleges of London University (described by Coleridge as a "bazaar") through to the last substantial wave of liberalisation, the granting of university title to the former polytechnics.
King James rewarded Robert Cecil, whom he made a privy councillor and secretary of state, with the granting of the title of Earl of Salisbury in 1605, and Lord High Treasurer in 1608, making him the most powerful man at the royal court.
Survey data were collected from households in both types of units before and after the granting of land titles, with neither type knowing ex ante whether it would receive land titles.
The Secretariat operated as a coordinating agency, whereas the Six Ministries which were Personnel, Revenue, Rites, War, Justice, and Public Works were direct administrative organs of the state: The Ministry of Personnel was in charge of appointments, merit ratings, promotions, and demotions of officials, as well as granting of honorific titles.
In case 7, territories of Afro-Colombian communities were partially invaded by oil palm growers while the communities were waiting for the granting of the collective title to recognise their property rights under the Colombian law [70].
The Harrison-Altamirano Treaty, which gave sovereignty over the coast to Nicaragua, established procedures for legal recognition of land rights that eventually led to the granting of 30 collective titles.
But they also said it was important that the country continue its current program of granting land title to thousands of people who are occupying small plots of land for homes and farms.
When Octavian became consul once again on 1 January 33 BC, he opened the following session in the Senate with a vehement attack on Antony's grants of titles and territories to his relatives and to his queen.
A side effect of granting formal title to the poor's assets is a boost to government coffers.
