They are the quantitative, more fine-grained version of the non-orthogonality relation.
From a distance, this approach looks a lot like a fine-grained version of the process-aware model just mentioned.
For instance, a polycrystalline (many-grained) version of zirconia is used as an oxygen sensor in automobile engines owing to its ionic conductivity.
A finer-grained version considers allocations to U.S. versus foreign stocks and short- versus long-maturity bonds.
This model was used for all of the atomistic simulations and also for creating the coarse-grained version of FK1TMD.
Moreover, the lack of information on paternal employment status, part-time vs. full-time employment status, and a more fine-grained version of the parental couple's socioeconomic status makes it difficult to provide an exact interpretation of the employment effect.
Elastic network model (ENM), a coarse-grained version [ 77– 79] of normal mode analysis [ 80, 81], has been extensively used since the mid-90s to study the intrinsic dynamics of biomolecules [ 74, 82, 83], especially for supramolecular protein (or protein/nucleic acid) assemblies [ 84– 84].
Hence, the coarse-grained version of the full network (14) is simply (17) → k in S → k ′ P. Note that the deterministic QSSA has reduced our network from one with 5 species interacting via 7 elementary reactions, reaction scheme (14), to one with 2 species interacting via 2 reactions, one elementary and one non-elementary, reaction scheme (17).
Esfeld and Sachse (2007) and Sachse (2007) describe how this insight can be accommodated within the high-level science by constructing fine-grained versions of the high-level types so called 'functional sub-types' which can then be linked to the relevant low-level kinds, using the resources of high-level science.
