This may have caused a biased grading of the control horses if sand accumulations were missed.
Systematic sampling was used to assign odd grades to the intervention group (n = 15) and even grades to the control group (n = 16) (cluster design).
Two classes of 8th grade students (the experimental group) received the on-line scientific argumentation learning program about chemical reaction, and the other two classes of 8th grade students (the control group) received the same on-line scientific learning program about chemical reaction, but without argumentation, for two weeks.
At a seven-month follow-up, they even had better grades than the control group.
17 out of the 19 genes, plus an additional 181 genes, form a 198-gene group whose expression pattern can distinguish the four cancer grades and the control.
The classification analysis (see Methods) was first conducted between two cancer groups (highly and poorly differentiated), and then extended to five groups, namely four cancer grades and the control.
Similarly, a 198-gene group can distinguish among the four different cancer grades and the control group according to their gene expression, giving rise to 74.2% overall classification accuracy.
Further, the ratio of students of each grade in the control and intervention groups was also comparable (χ 2 = 5.45, P = 0.487; Fig. 2).
Likewise, the prior biology grade averaged 3.09 (SD = 0.76) in the treatment class, which a t test indicates is significantly higher (p < 0.001) than the average prior biology grade in the control class, 2.69 (SD = 0.66).
In this study, the familial non- BRCA1/2 cancers were diagnosed at a marginally younger age than those among unselected cases, and were more often of lower grade than the control cancers or BRCA1 and BRCA2 cancers.
