In this context, one obvious possibility is that cellular responses are directly proportional to the stimulus, that is, graded input elicits graded output.
The output value of a cell x at time-step t represents the cumulative (graded) output (number of action potentials per time unit) of cluster x at time t; this value predicts action potential frequency in a certain time-window (centred on t) and, thus, changes in the post-synaptic potentials induced by the neurone pool x in all of the synapses downstream from it.
The trained prediction model yielded conflicting risk grade outputs in 3 specimen sets (patients 4, 15, and 26).
However, stochastic molecular processes have graded input-output functions, thus, bioengineers must select those with desirable characteristics and refine their transfer functions to build logic gates with digital-like switching behaviour.
At a rate of 25 Hz, graded classifier outputs were calculated for the last 1000 ms, and averaged over 8 samples.
We submitted the graded classifier outputs for all test trials into the ROC analysis and computed the area under the ROC curve (Throughout the paper, we call the area under ROC curve A' for short).
To understand the mechanism of bimodality observed by Birtwistle et al. [ 1], we will illustrate graded input-output response curves of the type that share their observed typical response patterns.
A second limitation of our study is that we were not able to use urine output for grading AKI severity, which may have resulted in different incidences of Risk, Injury, and Failure.
Those interneurons exert graded and continuous output on postsynaptic cells without generating spikes.
Cardiac output helps in grading the severity of the patients clinical condition, and SvO2 allows to quantify its adequacyto metabolic needs.
A cut by x% would lead to a decline of much more than x% in top-grade scientific output.
