The thermal gradient, in relation to the silicon flux from the surface, was towards the surface and away from the surface, respectively, in the two configurations.
These can be used for both change assessment and ranking of different sections of the study area according to a fragmentation gradient in relation to matrix quality.
In the frame of this homogenization procedure, we have constructed a strain gradient constitutive relation for a two-dimensional elastic material with many microcracks by adopting the self-consistent scheme.
At its weakest, the storm's highest winds were found far from the center, likely generated more by the increasing pressure gradient in relation to an anticyclone to the north than by the low pressure center itself.
If these patients had been classified as diagnosed without distant metastases, it would have decreased the social gradient in relation to stage and vice versa.
Besides plausibility, additional factors contribute to our belief that the relationship between an intervention and its effect is indeed causal, such as consistency (across research settings), temporality (effect follows treatment) and biological gradient (dose response relation).
The ranking of contracts has been tested in previous research on the accumulation of temporary employment 20 and was based on Aronsson's core periphery model, 32 which proposes that there is a health gradient in relation to the type of employment contract.
Considering species preferentially organize themselves across the gradient in relation to environmental variables (Pickering and Green 2009; Venn et al. 2012 a ), we are confident that any intraspecific trait variation will be overridden by the strong patterns in species distributions and life forms at these sites.
The impacts of tropospheric ozone on conifer health in the Sierra Nevada of California, USA, and the Pyrenees of Catalonia, Spain, were measured using field assessments and GIS variables of landscape gradients related to plant water relations, stomatal conductance and hence to ozone uptake.
Temporal changes in vegetation gradients in relation to water points and thicket conditions within the botanical reserves were also assessed.
