Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(10)
The result is a graded trend from dwarfism in the largest colonists to gigantism in the smallest [1] [4].
In particular, a pioneering study showed that gastropods from the Western Atlantic showed the same graded trend from dwarfism to gigantism that is evident in island endemic mammals.
The reverse applied if mainland populations have decreased in size, and together, this can create the misleading impression of a graded trend from dwarfism to gigantism.
In both cases, evidence for the graded trend remained, and in some cases became stronger, probably reflecting the preferential inclusion of species with extreme depth ranges (see Methods).
This study has confirmed the important findings of McClain et al. [12] that the marine gastropods of the Western Atlantic show a pattern of body size evolution that is analogous to the island rule, with colonists of the deep-sea benthos tending to converge in size in a graded trend (see also [16]).
The colonization of the deep-sea benthos differs clearly and qualitatively from the colonization of islands, and so if it is assumed that the similar patterns of body size evolution reflect a similarity of underlying cause [12], this argues against immigrant selection as a key determinant of the graded trend that is observed in both cases.
Similar(50)
SHS exposure exhibited graded trends with several, although not all inflammatory, hemostatic and endothelial markers which are also related to active smoking.
Both the limited crystallised ability measurement and the differing treatment of cognitive and health literacy data may have impacted our findings to a degree, in particular with respect to the threshold and graded trends noted in certain analyses.
They might also demonstrate an improved grade trend in that subject area, and show enrollment in more demanding courses in spite of this disability.
But Stuart Rojstaczer, a former Duke University professor who monitors grading trends, says that going public with grade distributions could eventually turn the tide against grade inflation by outing professors who grade too leniently.
Or, because CampusBuddy has official grade records for classes (the platform currently has over 80 million grades from hundreds of institutions), students that are looking to get more information on how difficult certain classes are can view grade trending data with a few clicks.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com