Our measurements also indicate that these graded samples exhibit magnetic "hardening" near the surface.
The control sample is an unfilled compositionally graded sample, consisting of a PEEK bulk with an integral PEEK/PTFE tribological solid lubricant surface layer.
Such a comparison is mandatory in order to determine the potential of graded samples, prepared by powder metallurgy, for thermoelectric applications.
A stoichiometrically graded sample was produced to contain compositions across the ternary phase diagram between the two end-member components of 0.93(Bi0.5Nand5)TiO3–0.86BaTiO3 and 0.86(Bi0.86a0.86TiO3–0.86(K0.86a0.86NbO3.
The surface morphology of the graded samples is complex and subject to a detailed discussion, whereas the crystal composition revealed Mg, MgZn2 and Zn exclusively.
The plateau stress and specific energy absorption of density graded samples were higher than for uniform density samples for three out of four designs by up to 67%and72%2%, respectively.
Microhardness measurements across the graded samples exhibit an increase in hardness with increasing alloying content up to a composition of ∼12% in case of Ti xV and up to a composition of ∼10% in case of the Ti xMo alloys.
Subsequently, composition-specific indentation-based hardness and modulus information has been obtained from these graded samples, and the resulting data have been used to develop relationships between the composition, microstructure and mechanical properties.
Three samples were graded 2+, fifteen samples 3+, and seven samples 4+ (Fig. 2).
Their data came from an experimental study in which juries evaluated and graded a sample of Bordeaux wines.
Recall that raters in this study were trained in language testing, studied the scoring rubrics carefully, and graded pilot samples before conducting the actual grading.
