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In this population, the GRACE scoring system was more accurate for predicting ICU death than symptoms of ischemia, troponin elevation, and left ventricular dysfunction.
However, HbA1c content has not been considered with the GRACE scoring system in previous research.
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Contemporary clinical outcome prediction models such as the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score include admission heart rate as an independent risk factor.
Completeness of the data was adequate for most variables (eg, missing values <4% for height and weight; <2% for admission blood pressure and heart rate; <0.2% for risk factors or cardiovascular history; GRACE score calculated in 94.5%).
To the best of our knowledge, only one study has analysed the complementary predictive value of B-type natriuretic peptide and GRACE score in patients admitted to the emergency department for chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome.
Calculation of the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score based on clinical history, ECG and laboratory values upon first arrival to the Coronary Care Unit or the Acute Medical Admissions Unit. 5 The above assessments had all been done also during the index ACS admission, as reported before.
RHR is included in clinical risk prediction models such as the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score for patients with acute coronary syndrome, but its role as an independent risk factor and therapeutic target for the management of CV disease is less clear 5.
This study aimed to develop an improved version of the GRACE risk predictor (GRACE score 2.0) incorporating non-linear associations between continuous risk factors and outcomes in a format suitable for ease of use in hand-held electronic devices and smartphones (figure 2).
The primary endpoint was to assess the performance of the GRACE score to predict ICU mortality.
In high-risk patients (GRACE score ≥141), the net reduction in cost was greatest (-$3720; 95% CI -$6270 to -$1170).
At the time of suspected MI, the GRACE score was higher in the non-survivor group (201 [160–226]), as compared with the survivor group (176 [149–211]; p = 0.053).
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