Central to Afghanistan's local governance problem is the discredited national police force, which has earned a notorious reputation for extortion and theft.
A version of the pre-2007 governance problem is playing out in full view, this time through interactions between different "classes" of directors at regional Feds.
Indigenous-state collaboration in the governance of cumulative effects assessment (CEA) is often hampered not only by legacies of colonialism and inequality but also disagreement on what the 'CEA governance problem' is in the first place.
And the loophole that allowed them to list in America via reverse takeovers is an American loophole, not a Chinese one.China's biggest corporate-governance problem is not its laws, but its government's willingness to enforce them even-handedly.
In combination, results suggest that JFM can work as intended if fundamental governance problems are adequately addressed.
Now that economic growth is flagging – official statistics put the annual rate at 7%, but most observers believe the real number is closer to 5% (or even lower) – China's governance problems are becoming impossible to ignore.
Governance problems are given a face by figures such as "Uncle House" - a Nanjing official under investigation after internet users revealed he and his family owned more than 20 properties, despite his modest monthly salary of around 10,000 yuan (£1000).
It is the demonstration of the period in which governance problems are, in my view, a sort of filo rosso, we say in Italian, a continuity, a fil rouge that links many countries and countries' problems, because, of course, if you look at European problems, at the euro problems, it is exactly a problem of political and institutional governance.
"The economic problems are the same and the governance problems are the same," says the associate professor of economics at the American University in Cairo, who saw the Arab spring first-hand.
Governance problems are less severe in the southern regions.
Furthermore, the governance and performance of many, though not all, institutional investors leaves a great deal to be desired.The solution to corporate-governance problems is for investors, regulators, politicians and media to complain and challenge, ferociously if necessary, but not to prescribe.
