The World Bank has taken the economical view of governance defining it as economic policy making and implementation with a focus on accountability and use of public resources [ 5].
Those countries in the lowest governance ranking group of governance are defined by poverty, ineffective health care systems, elevated HIV prevalence and significant international debt.
Good governance is defined as a governing system "epitomized by predictable, open and enlightened policy making; a bureaucracy imbued with a professional ethos; an executive arm of government accountable for its actions; and a strong civil society participating in public affairs; and all behaving under the rule of law" [ 28].
The concept of governance (as defined in the health policy debate and governance literature) [ 4- 8] may serve as a helpful framework in which to re-locate theories and research from the realms of the sociology of professions and organisations as well as management studies.
Moreover, the bank allocates aid to the poorest countries according to a formula in which "governance", broadly defined, plays much the biggest role.
Alliance literature also suggests that formal governance mechanisms, defined as organisational dynamics, are also essential to developing trust and commitment within a partnership [ 16, 33- 36].
Considered an umbrella term [ 11], clinical governance is defined as "Structures, systems, and standards applying to create a culture, and direct and control clinical activities".
They cover elements related to two out of the five governance areas defined at the KIT HRH 2010 conference: "development of a vision and policies for HRH" and "aid effectiveness".
Governance is defined by the United Nations Development Programme UNDPP) as: "(T he exercise of economic, political, and administrative authority to manage a country's affairs at all levels, comprising the mechanisms, processes, and institutions through which that authority is directed.
In this regard, authors such as Biermann et al. [ 15] have attempted to refine the locus of investigation by focusing on "governance architectures", defined as "the overarching system of public and private institutions, principles, norms, regulations, decision-making procedures and organizations that are valid or active in a given issue area of world politics".
