But the sentiments underscore the increasingly hard feelings of Cruceños, who feel that President Carlos Mesa has made economically ruinous decisions at their expense as he tries to walk a line between indigenous groups doggedly opposed to globalization and businessmen who favor market reforms and economic ties with Bolivia's neighbors.
Yet as globalization moves forward, many of these traditional and indigenous communities seem to be forgotten or cheated out of the equitable distribution of benefits derived from the ecosystem services they steward.
Depredations of globalization so feared in the 21st century began for Indigenous Peoples in the 15th with the European "discoveries" in the so-called New World.
The nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party, which Modi represents, was originally protectionist and hostile to globalization; it supported a philosophy of "Swadeshi," which involves promoting indigenous products and businesses.
In the context of dominant motifs of contemporary geographical theory such as globalization and terror, it would be easy to relegate experiences of Indigenous peoples to the status of an interesting anachronism, unfortunate collateral damage, or a market opportunity for heritage or eco-tourism.
Bawa's sensitive syntheses of indigenous traditions, environmental awareness and regional appropriateness in an age of headlong modernization and globalization made him, from the late 1940's onward, a pioneer of concepts that have since taken root among designers who deplore the sameness modernism has imposed around the world.
Topical areas of focus have included the spatial and social analysis of development and globalization, critical and Marxist analysis of dependency and political ecology, the study of nongovernmental organizations and indigenous movements, the study of cities, and the study of human environment interactions at a variety of spatial scales.
The early 1990's witnessed a rise in critical theory from its slumber as many critical thinkers gained a foothold as commentators and analysts of various social movements, most notably the alter-globalization protests, the anti-war movement and more recently with Occupy and a number of indigenous anti-capitalist movements.
Beautifully festooned indigenous peoples from Mexico dressed mostly in enormous feathers celebrated their traditional culture, threatened by globalization.
Second, the Cultural Factor is a very strong deterrent against growth, and the differences in growth between indigenous communities and the rest of society increase directly with economic specialization, which has become more evident since globalization took off.
