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Over 2000-2005 the average growth rate was 2.2%—exactly the global average but the standard deviation among African countries was 6.1%—much higher than the global variance.
Then, energy normalization and global variance adjustment issues are addressed.
The denominator is the weighted global variance of f r.
Figure 4 Global variance of link with respect to anchor ratio.
For the GMM-based approach, we used diagonal covariance matrices without global variance and dynamic features.
Figure 6 Global variance of link with respect to node deployment.
Figure 2 Global variance of link with respect to node density.
Toda et al. [16] introduced the global variance (GV) of the converted spectra over time sequence.
Global variance and mixed-excitation were used in addition to postfiltering to improve the speech quality.
The complexity of global mean, global variance, and global covariance are ≈ O(n2).
DVE unfolds the dataset by maximizing the global variance subject to the proximity relation preservation constraint originated in Laplacian eigenmaps.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com