Given uncertainty, however, it would be wrong to call them out-and-out irrational.
Lagarde said Australia's focus on growth was the right strategy given uncertainty about the world economy.
World Bank officials emphasized the importance of confidence, given uncertainty about Europe and worries about slowing growth.
However, the report warned the "self help" strategy implemented by Burns is not without risk, given uncertainty over future advertising revenues, despite Abraham's commitment to diversify the business.
Given uncertainty that military action can dislodge Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi from power, an international monitoring force may ultimately prove more palatable and more appropriate.
But it had ultimately hoped to export turbines made here across Europe, and local politicians are worried about the longterm prospects for investment given uncertainty over life outside a single market.
"Given uncertainty and potential concerns, the government will adopt a more cautious approach until the evidence is clearer on environmental and social effects of biofuels," Ms. Kelly told the British Parliament.
Market anxiety has deepened over a possible Trump victory given uncertainty on the Republican candidate's stance on issues including foreign policy, trade relations and immigration, while Clinton is viewed as a candidate of the status quo.
If all of that activity were taxed, it could potentially raise billions every year, though the exact amount is hard to predict, given uncertainty over the tax rates that might be applied.
Even those in good shape may want to hold back given uncertainty over capital requirements and accounting rules for off-balance-sheet assets.But companies are also seeking fewer loans, as they think twice before hiring or investing in equipment.
Though unemployment remains painfully high at 7.8%, it is remarkable the economy has performed as well as it has given uncertainty over taxes and the threat of government shutdown and default.Firms and investors have come to trust Mr Obama and Congress to dodge disaster, usually at the very last minute.
