Under the meaningful objective space, defined by the control engineer, the concepts are compared and a final controller with a given trade-off is chosen.
In this paper, based on the LQR approach, a new optimal control structure is proposed, which optimizes the combined stochastic criterion that includes the identification of the optimal coefficient for adjusting the given trade-off.
Based on the given trade-off relation in parameters of the Monod equation, the finally resident quasi-species are characterized as the specialist adapted for the rich nutrient condition (quasi-species with larger g), and as the generalist adapted for wider range of the nutrient condition quasi-species with smaller g).
However, given trade-offs for energy and resources [17], the response to stressors might impinge on the body's ability to produce the necessary biochemical components (e.g., testosterone) or function in combating parasites (e.g., immunocompetence).
In our study, respondents did not need to make trade-offs, given that one hospital scored equally or better on all quality aspects compared to the other two hospitals.
Together, they give the trade off: better accuracy comes with a price in efficiency (except when contiguous seeds are replaced by transition-constrained or single spaced seeds).
The results imply that further improvement in distributor design is needed and careful attention should be given to the trade off between turbulence and adequate fluid distribution.
The OLR-MMSE estimator gives the best trade off between performance and complexity.
For a given, a trade-off value for was 6 in order to limit the end-to-end delay.
When the algorithm has finished the designer may choose one or more solutions from the set that best meets their objectives given available trade-offs.
Given the trade-off between resolution and sample size, it is necessary to conduct multiple scans using different resolutions and sample diameters in order to cover the full range of the air void size distribution.
