Given that bone turnover is generally affected by the balance between bone resorption (mediated by osteoclasts) and bone formation (mediated by osteoblasts), it is reasonable to assume that insufficient DNA methylation activity weakens osteoblastic activity or enhances osteoclastic activity.
And even without legal requirements, given that the average turnover in businesses is 20percentt, maintaining searchable access to previous materials and intellectual property is critical to business continuity.
And given that whole body Gln turnover is high in adults [26] and even higher in children [45], with complete renewal in <24 h [20], we could assume minimal or no carry-over after 1 month.
Given that the average cell turnover time is similar in the small and large intestines (Rizk & Barker, 2012), there is no reason to believe that the villus is necessary to assess chemical-induced genotoxicity in the crypt.
Given that orthologous genes could have similar turnover across species [ 40], it is possible that mRNA stability plays an important, if not critical, role in the multi-layered regulation of ribosome biogenesis genes in S. pombe [ 23].
Given that MGME1 is a nuclease, this result suggested that the enzyme is involved in the turnover of this molecule.
Given that the energy costs of protein turnover can account for 20 to 40% of the basal metabolic rate [19], any modulation of the fat-free mass may represent an important strategy of energy economy that will maintain fitness at a lower body size.
Finally, the dominant role of TORC1 over PKA in regulating autophagy may reflect the greater significance of autophagy in protecting cells from nitrogen starvation than from carbon starvation, given that the product of autophagy-induced turnover of proteins is amino acids.
Given that Puma itself is a mitochondrially targeted protein, this raises the possibility that Puma may trigger its own turnover by autophagic processes.
Note that the inclusion of endogenous covariates is not a serious problem, given that the relationship of these variables with turnover is not the focus of the analyses.
