Given that few cohort studies have examined the association of meat intake with risk of endometrial cancer (Zheng et al, 1995), and no studies have examined the effects of dietary iron or haem iron intake, we used data from a large cohort study of Canadian women to assess intake of meat, red meat, total iron, and haem iron in relation to endometrial cancer risk.
Given that HELENA is a cohort study, future research is warranted to test for the association in adulthood.
There was little question that treatment must be assessed in molecularly defined subsets of patients, and given that study cohorts are most likely to include multiple subgroups, this will require large patient numbers.
However, given that prospective cohort studies found similar effect sizes, and are heavily weighted in this meta-analysis, we do not think that recall bias significantly affects our conclusion.
Differences in findings from the current study compared with some other cohort studies may be partially due to the differences in regional pollutant mixtures, given that other cohort studies covered larger or dissimilar geographic areas of the United States (Dockery et al. 1993; Laden et al. 2006; Pope et al. 2002; Zeger et al. 2008).
Given that two high-quality cohort and four cross-sectional studies reported a healthy diet reduced the likelihood of depression, whilst one high-quality cohort and various cross-sectional studies reported no association, we report a conflicting level of evidence exists.
One group is given to understand its members are participating in a cohort study.
Given that two high-quality cohorts and one cross-sectional study reported that the consumption of Western foods/ increased the likelihood of depression, whilst three high-quality cohort and four cross-sectional studies reported no association, we report a conflicting level of evidence exists.
Given that randomized-controlled trials and large observational cohort studies that can be used to define best practice are lacking, studies of any design were obtained for further evaluation.
